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Bitcoin inventor, Dr. Craig Wright, continues his Bitcoin Masterclasses series with a lecture on what privacy means as it relates to blockchain and Bitcoin. After discussing confidentiality in the first session, this time we further explained the important concepts and differences between privacy, confidentiality, and anonymity.
Violating privacy concept
In 1992, the United States ratified the United Nations provisions on privacy, making it a federal law, said Dr. Wright to us. Therefore, even though it is not in the US Constitution, it is law. Europe did the same, and the UK ratified it through the Human Rights Act in 1998.
“Privacy is really about the who, why, how and what,” he said. We have to think about the individuals involved, what they can do, why they can do it, when, etc. Dr. Wright gives examples of medical records; a doctor may be allowed access to your medical records, but if they later take them and post them online (for example, because you are famous), it violates your privacy. Doctors have certain permissions with your information but not others.
Objective – Dr. Wright then breaks down privacy into different concepts, starting with goals. Access to information should only serve certain functions related to a person’s role or purpose in the organization.
“We need to limit what people do,” he says, explaining that this can be managed with access control, cryptographic control, alerts and other techniques.
Justice – Elaborating on justice, Dr. Wright says that we have to think from both sides’ point of view. For example, a company may be given fair use of data in exchange for a free service.
Dr. Wright is well-known for his dislike of Google (NASDAQ:GOOGL), Facebook (NASDAQ:META), and other Silicon Valley companies, and he views the inability to pay for those services as opposed to trading data for them as unfair.
“Fairness means you have to be able to negotiate between parties what they can and cannot do,” he commented.
Legitimacy – “Anonymity doesn’t include legitimacy, but privacy does,” says Dr. Wright. “You have no right to privacy if you plot to overthrow the government,” he correctly explained.
How does law operate in a global context, given that most countries do not operate under Common Law? Dr. Wright explained that we must monitor the location and sources of activity, and governments must begin to act to control some of it.
ISPs may implement several controls, such as blocking access to certain types of prohibited information. Furthermore, criminal charges can be initiated on a civil basis, with the company building a case first and then turning it over to the government.
The concept of legitimacy will always depend on the society you find yourself in, Dr. Wright explained, reiterating that legitimacy is one of the main differentiators between privacy and anonymity. Basically, identity needs to be associated with activity so that someone can be held accountable in case of illegal activity.
Transparency/Transparency – Transparency makes what happened visible and holds those involved accountable, but that doesn’t mean everyone knows who everyone is.
For example, open communication requires identity. Dr. Wright gives the example of the coffee shop and how people openly debate political concepts, building the foundations of Western society. Unlike on Twitter, you can’t be ten people in a coffee shop; You can only be one, and what you say is related to your identity. There is a degree of transparency about who the person is and what they have to say.
Storage Limit – Dr. Wright explains that, under EU law, there are data retention limitations such as the right to be forgotten, how long companies can retain information about you, etc.
“We have this thing called blockchain now, and it can make erasing data difficult,” he said. How do we know it’s gone? That’s where pruning comes in.
Dr. Wright challenges us to think about the big picture; when Bitcoin reaches tens of billions of transactions per second, we are talking about petabytes of data storage each year. At that level, people aren’t running nodes in-house; they will have the selected SPV and data related to their company. “If you’re Amazon, you want Amazon-related data,” he said.
Requirements about how long an entity is required to store information can also be problematic for blockchains like Ethereum. For example, copyright information must be stored for 95 years in some places. How did this happen when the Ethereum developers changed the protocol frequently? Won’t.
Data Minimization – Speaking of petabytes of data, Dr. Wright points out that in the future, people don’t want to keep everything. Likewise, not all data is relevant to a particular organization. For example, the UK home ownership database does not need to keep records of motor vehicles in New Zealand.
Even if the data host truncates the records, users can still use SPV and Merkle tokens to prove their records are valid. It is possible to link transactions to data in block headers (which are only 80 bytes each), making records completely provable.
By using a pair of public and private keys, data on the blockchain can be private and can only be accessed by those who have the key.
Watch: Highlights of the Bitcoin Masterclass: Identity & Privacy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DcoE3G3iwqk width=”560″ height=”315″ frameborder=”0″ allowfullscreen=”allowfullscreen”>
New to Bitcoins? Check out CoinGeek Bitcoins for Beginners section, the ultimate resource guide for learning more about Bitcoin—as Satoshi Nakamoto originally envisioned it—and the blockchain.
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